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Nymphalis antiopa / Camberwell Beauty
Zimbajtësja
Nymphalidae - Nymphalinae
Nymphalis antiopa (Linnaeus, 1758). TL: Sweden.
 
 
 
1a. Nymphalis antiopa, distribution map.  Historical data ;  Additional data from the 2018 update ;  New observations since the 2018 update.
1b. Nymphalis antiopa upperside. N. Albanian Alps, Albania (© Sylvain Cuvelier)
1c. Habitat of Nymphalis antiopa. N. Albanian Alps, Albania (© Sylvain Cuvelier)
1d. Nymphalis antiopa underside. N. Albanian Alps, Albania (© Sylvain Cuvelier)
1e. Nymphalis antiopa upperside, overwintered butterfly. Romania (© Sylvain Cuvelier)
1f. Nymphalis antiopa lateral, overwintered butterfly. Romania (© Sylvain Cuvelier)
Description
♂♂
Large butterfly. Fw: 30-34 mm.
Ups: dark brown-purple gc, cream yellow (after hibernation white) marginal borders and blue submarginal spots.
Uns: very dark gc, cream yellow (after hibernatoin white) marginal borders, inconspicuous blue submarginal spots.
♀♀
Sligthly larger, similar markings.
Similar species
None.
Fresh specimens have cream yellow marginal borders.
Overwintered specimens have white marginal borders
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Life cycle
Adults: from early spring to April after overwintering, single generation from to June to July and even later (single specimens)
Egg: 19 days.
Caterpillar: 32-50 days.
Pupa: 12-22 days.
Habitat
Nymphalis antiopa inhabits open areas in forests, nearby rocky gorges and riverbank forests with Salix sp. and Populus sp. from lowland up to high altitude when migrating.
Spatial requirement considerable, population density can be moderate, nomadic and some years migrating.
Foodplants
Caterpillars feed on Salix sp., Populus tremula, Betula pendula and B. pubescens, also mentioned are Alnus glutinosa, Ulmus glabra and U. minor.
Butterflies feed on flowering willows (spring) and on liquid of wounded trees, excrements and rotten material (summer), mud-puddling.
Distribution
Albania: widespread.
Balkan: AL - BG - BIH - GR - HR - NMK - MNE - RKS - RO - SLO - SRB
Europe: IB - IT - ALP - BAL - NWE* - UK (occasional immigrant) - SCA - EEU
Asia Minor, Transcaucasia, Caucasus and further east.
Conservation status
Nymphalis antiopa is not endangered.
Albanian Red List: LC.
IUCN Red List, category at the Mediterranean level: LC.
Useful links
Bink 2015
Pyrgus.de
Lepiforum
Euroleps
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