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General Chapters
1. Albania
xx Critical review of the butterfly research.
2. The anatomy of a butterfly
xx Main features of the external and internal anatomy of butterflies in its different stages.
3. Family traits
xx Papilionidae - Swallowtails.
xx Hesperiidae - Skippers.
xx Pieridae - Whites and Yellows.
xx Lycaenidae - Blues, Coppers, Hairstreaks.
xx Riodinidae - Metalmarks.
xx Nymphalidae- Brush-footed butterflies.
4. Species, subspecies, forms
xx Basic introduction to the taxonomy and nomenclature.
5. The life cycle of a butterfly
xx Mating.
xx Egg (ovum)
xx Caterpillar (larva): the feeding stage.
xx Pupa (chrysalis): the transition stage.
xx Adult: the reproductive stage.
xx Breeding.
6. Food
xx Butterfly and caterpillar.
xx Specialists and grass eaters.
7. Phenology
xx Basic introduction.
8. Habitat characteristics
xx Description of the major habitats of Albania.
9. Butterfly identification
xx Visual, (macro) photography, butterfly net, reference collection, genitalia, barcoding.
xx Guidelines for the identification of all Albanian butterflies.
10. Threats and Conservation
xxxx Factors that influence declines of butterflies and an introduction to Red Lists.
11. Red list
xxxx Status of the Albanian butterflies in a broader European perspective.
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