|
Visual ( photo) |
Net (+ ) / sampling |
Genitalia |
Barcoding ( Albania) |
Papilionidae |
|
|
|
|
Iphiclides podalirius |
OK |
|
|
|
Papilio alexanor |
OK  |
|
|
|
Papilio machaon |
OK |
|
|
|
Parnassius apollo |
OK |
|
|
|
Driopa mnemosyne |
OK |
|
|
|
Allancastria cerisyi |
OK  |
|
|
|
Zerynthia polyxena |
OK |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Hesperiidae |
|
|
|
|
Gegenes nostrodamus |
|
|
Versus G. pumilio |
Alternative possibility |
Gegenes pumilio |
|
|
Versus G. nostrodamus |
Alternative possibility |
Hesperia comma |
OK |
|
|
|
Ochlodes sylvanus |
OK |
|
|
|
Thymelicus acteon |
|
Net. Versus other Thymelicus |
|
|
Thymelicus lineola |
|
Net. Versus other Thymelicus |
|
|
Thymelicus sylvestris |
|
Net. Versus other Thymelicus |
|
|
Carterocephalus palaemon |
OK  |
|
|
|
Heteropterus morpheus |
OK  |
|
|
|
Carcharodus alceae |
|
Net. Versus all Muschampia. |
|
|
Muschampia floccifera |
|
|
Versus M. orientalis |
|
Muschampia lavatherae |
|
Net. Versus other Muschampia. |
|
|
Muschampia orientalis |
|
|
Versus M. floccifera |
|
Erynnis marloyi |
|
Net. Versus E. tages |
|
|
Erynnis tages |
|
Net. Versus E. marloyi |
|
|
Muschampia alta |
OK  |
|
|
|
Muschampia tessellum |
OK  |
|
|
|
Pyrgus alveus |
|
 both sides. Can still be difficult. |
Versus other Pyrgus |
|
Pyrgus andromedae |
|
 both sides. Can still be difficult. |
Versus other Pyrgus |
|
Pyrgus armoricanus |
|
 both sides. Can still be difficult. |
Versus other Pyrgus |
|
Pyrgus carthami |
|
 both sides. Can still be difficult. |
Versus other Pyrgus |
|
Pyrgus cinarae |
|
 both sides. Can still be difficult. |
Versus other Pyrgus |
|
Pyrgus malvae |
|
 both sides. Can still be difficult. |
Versus other Pyrgus |
|
Pyrgus serratulae |
|
 both sides. Can still be difficult. |
Versus other Pyrgus |
|
Pyrgus sidae |
|
Net |
|
|
Spialia orbifer |
OK |
|
|
|
Spialia phlomidis |
|
Net |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pieridae |
|
|
|
|
Colias alfacariensis |
OK |
|
|
|
Colias aurorina |
OK  |
|
|
|
Colias caucasica |
OK  |
|
|
|
Colias croceus |
OK |
|
|
|
Gonepteryx cleopatra |
♂ |
♀ net or sampling |
|
|
Gonepteryx farinosa |
|
♂ ♀ net or sampling |
|
|
Gonepteryx rhamni |
|
♂ ♀ net or sampling |
|
|
Leptidea duponcheli |
|
Net |
|
|
Leptidea juvernica |
|
|
Versus L. sinapis |
Alternative possibility |
Leptidea sinapis |
|
|
Versus L. juvernica |
Alternative possibility |
Anthocharis cardamines
|
♂ |
♀ net |
|
|
Anthocharis damone |
♂  |
♀ net |
|
|
Anthocharis gruneri |
♂  |
♀ net |
|
|
|
OK |
|
|
|
Euchloe ausonia |
|
Net |
|
|
Euchloe penia |
OK  |
|
|
|
Pieris balcana |
|
Net or sampling |
|
No use vs. P. napi |
Pieris brassicae |
OK |
|
|
|
Pieris ergane |
|
Net. Versus other Pieris |
|
|
Pieris krueperi |
|
Net. Versus other Pieris |
|
|
Pieris mannii |
|
Net. Versus other Pieris |
|
|
Pieris napi |
|
Net. Versus other Pieris |
|
 No use vs. P. balcana |
Pieris rapae |
|
Net. Versus other Pieris |
|
|
Pontia chloridice |
|
Net. Versus E. ausonia |
|
|
Pontia edusa |
|
Net |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Lycaenidae |
|
|
|
|
Lycaena alciphron |
♂ |
♀ net |
|
|
Lycaena candens |
♂ |
♀ net |
|
|
Lycaena dispar |
OK  |
|
|
|
Lycaena ottomanus |
|
♂ ♀ net. Versus L. virgareae |
|
|
Lycaena phlaeas |
OK |
|
|
|
Lycaena thersamon |
|
♂ ♀ net |
|
|
Lycaena tityrus |
OK |
|
|
|
Lycaena virgaureae |
|
♂ ♀ net. Versus L. ottomanus |
|
|
Agriades dardanus |
♂  |
♀ net |
|
|
Aricia agestis |
|
♂ ♀ net |
If doubt with A. artaxerxes |
|
Aricia anteros |
♂  |
♀ net |
|
|
Aricia artaxerxes |
|
♂ ♀ net |
If doubt with A. agestis |
|
Cacyreus marshalli |
OK |
|
|
|
Celastrina argiolus |
OK |
|
|
|
Cupido alcetas |
|
♂ net - ♀ difficuilt versus C. decolorata |
|
No use vs. C. decolorata |
Cupido argiades |
|
Net |
|
|
Cupido decolorata |
|
♂ net - ♀ difficult versus C. alcetas |
|
No use vs. C. alcetas |
Cupido minimus |
|
Net. ♀ difficult versus ♀ C. osiris |
|
|
Cupido osiris |
♂ |
Difficult for ♀ versus ♀ C. minimus |
|
|
Cyaniris semiargus |
|
Net |
|
|
Eumedonia eumedon |
|
Net |
|
|
Glaucopsyche alexis |
|
Net |
|
|
Iolana iolas |
OK  |
|
|
|
Kretania sephirus |
|
Net |
|
|
Lampides boeticus |
OK |
|
|
|
Leptotes pirithous |
OK |
|
|
|
Lysandra bellargus |
♂ |
♀ net |
|
|
Lysandra coridon |
♂ |
♀ net |
|
|
Phengaris alcon |
OK  |
|
|
|
Phengaris arion |
OK  |
|
|
|
Plebejus argus |
|
Net or sampling. Versus other Plebejus |
If doubt with other Plebejus |
|
Plebejus argyrognomon |
|
Net or sampling. Versus other Plebejus |
If doubt with other Plebejus |
|
Plebejus idas |
|
Net or sampling. Versus other Plebejus |
If doubt with other Plebejus |
|
Polyommatus admetus |
|
Net |
|
|
Polyommatus amandus |
|
Net |
|
|
Polyommatus damon |
|
Net |
|
|
Polyommatus daphnis |
|
Net |
|
|
Polyommatus dorylas |
|
Net |
|
|
Polyommatus eros |
|
Net |
|
|
Polyommatus escheri |
|
Net |
|
|
Polyommatus icarus
|
|
Net |
|
|
Polyommatus (aroaniensis) lurae |
|
|
No major differences |
Only possibility |
Polyommatus (aroaniensis) orphicus |
|
|
No major differences |
Only possibility |
Polyommatus ripartii |
|
|
No major differences |
|
Polyommatus thersites |
|
Net. Versus P. icarus and ♀ forma icarinus |
|
|
Pseudophilotes bavius |
|
Net. Versus P. vicrama |
|
|
Pseudophilotes vicrama |
|
Net. Versus P. bavius |
|
|
Scolitantides orion |
OK Uns  |
Net to see underside |
|
|
Tarucus balkanica |
OK Uns  |
Net to see underside |
|
|
Callophrys rubi |
OK |
|
|
|
Favonius quercus |
OK |
|
|
|
Satyrium acaciae |
|
Net. Versus other Satyrium |
|
|
Satyrium ilicis |
|
Net. Versus other Satyrium |
|
|
Satyrium pruni |
|
Net. Versus other Satyrium |
|
|
Satyrium spini |
|
Net. Vversus other Satyrium |
|
|
Satyrium w-album |
|
Net. Versus other Satyrium |
|
|
Thecla betulae |
OK |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Riodinidae |
|
|
|
|
Hamearis lucina |
OK  |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Nymphalidae |
|
|
|
|
Apatura ilia |
|
Net. Versus A. metis |
|
|
Apatura iris |
OK |
|
|
|
Apatura metis |
|
|
|
|
Charaxes jasius |
OK |
|
|
|
Danaus chrysippus |
OK |
|
|
|
Argynnis pandora |
OK |
|
|
|
Argynnis paphia |
OK |
|
|
|
Boloria dia |
OK |
|
|
|
Boloria euphrosyne |
|
Net. Versus potential B. selene |
|
|
Boloria graeca |
|
Net. Versus B. pales |
|
|
Boloria pales |
|
Net. Versus B. graeca |
|
|
Boloria titania |
OK  |
|
|
|
Brenthis daphne |
|
Net. Versus B. ino and B. hecate |
|
|
Brenthis hecate |
|
Net. Versus B. daphne and B. ino |
|
|
Brenthis ino |
|
Net. Versus B. daphne and B. hecate |
|
|
Fabriciana adippe |
|
Net. Versus F. niobe and S. aglaja |
|
|
Fabriciana niobe |
|
Net. Versus F. adippe and S. aglaja |
|
|
Issoria lathonia |
OK |
|
|
|
Speyeria aglaja |
|
Net. Versus F. adippe and F. niobe |
|
|
Libythea celtis |
OK |
|
|
|
Limenitis camilla |
|
Net. Versus L. reducta |
|
|
Limenitis reducta |
|
Net. Versus L. camilla |
|
|
Neptis rivularis |
OK  |
|
|
|
Neptis sappho |
OK  |
|
|
|
Agalis io |
OK |
|
|
|
Aglais urticae |
OK |
|
|
|
Araschnia levana |
OK |
|
|
|
Euphydryas aurinia |
OK  |
|
|
|
Euphydryas maturna |
OK  |
|
|
|
Melitaea arduinna |
|
Net. Versus M. cinxia and M. phoebe |
|
|
Melitaea athalia |
|
|
Versus M. aurelia /M. diamina |
|
Melitaea aurelia |
|
|
Versus M. athalia |
|
Melitaea cinxia |
|
Net. Versus M. arduinna |
|
|
Melitaea diamina |
|
Net. Versus dark M. athalia |
If doubt versus dark M. athalia |
|
Melitaea didyma |
|
Net. Versus M. trivia |
|
|
Melitaea ornata |
|
|
Doubts about reliability |
 vs. M. phoebe |
Melitaea phoebe |
|
|
Doubts about reliability |
 vs. M. ornata |
Melitaea trivia |
|
Net. Versus M. didyma |
|
|
Nymphalis antiopa |
OK |
|
|
|
Nymphalis polychloros |
|
Net. Versus N. xanthomelas |
|
|
Nymphalis vau-album |
OK  |
|
|
|
Nymphalis xanthomelas |
|
Net. Versus N. polychloros |
|
|
Polygonia c-album |
|
Net. Versus P. egea |
|
|
Polygonia egea |
|
Net. Versus P. c-album |
|
|
Vanessa atalanta |
OK |
|
|
|
Vanessa cardui |
OK |
|
|
|
Aphantopus hyperantus |
OK  |
|
|
|
Arethusana arethusa |
OK |
|
|
|
Brintesia circe |
OK |
|
|
|
Chazara briseis |
OK |
|
|
|
Coenonympha arcania |
|
Net. Versus C. orientalis |
|
|
Coenonympha glycerion |
|
Net. Versus C. rhodopensis |
|
|
Coenonympha leander |
|
Net. Versus C. orientalis |
|
|
Coenonympha orientalis |
|
Net. Versus C. arcania and C. glycerion |
|
|
Coenonympha pamphilus |
|
Net. Versus other Coenonympha |
|
|
Coenonympha rhodopensis |
|
Net. Versus C. glycerion |
|
|
Erebia aethiops |
|
Net. Versus E. pronoe and bigger Erebia |
|
|
Erebia alberganus |
|
Net. Versus other bigger Erebia |
|
|
Erebia cassioides |
OK  |
Net. Versus E. ottomana |
If doubt with E. ottomana |
|
Erebia epiphron |
OK  |
Net if doubt |
|
|
Erebia euryale |
|
Net. Versus E. ligea |
|
No use vs. E. ligea |
Erebia gorge |
|
Net. Versus E. rhodopensis |
|
|
Erebia ligea |
|
Net. Versus E. euryale |
|
No use vs. E. euryale |
Erebia medusa |
|
Net. Versus E. oeme |
If doubt with E. oeme |
|
Erebia melas |
OK  |
Net if doubt |
|
|
Erebia oeme |
|
Net. Versus E. medusa |
If doubt with E. medusa |
|
Erebia ottomana |
|
Net. Versus E. cassioides |
If doubt with E. cassioides |
|
Erebia pandrose |
OK  |
Net if doubt |
|
|
Erebia pronoe |
|
Net. Versus E. aethiops and bigger Erebia |
|
|
Erebia rhodopensis |
|
Net. Versus E. gorge |
|
|
Erebia triarius |
|
Net. Versus bigger Erebia |
|
|
Hipparchia fagi |
|
|
Versus H. syriaca |
No use vs. H. syriaca |
Hipparchia fatua |
|
Net. Versus H. statlinus |
|
|
Hipparchia semele
|
|
|
Versus H. senthes & H. volgensis |
No use vs. H. senthes or H. volgensis |
Hipparchia senthes
|
|
|
Versus H. semele & H. volgensis |
No use vs. H. semele or H. volgensis |
Hipparchia statillinus |
|
Net. Versus H. fatua |
|
|
Hipparchia syriaca |
|
|
Versus H. fagi |
No use vs. H. fagi |
Hipparchia volgensis
|
|
|
Versus H. semele & H. senthes |
No use vs. H. semele or H. senthes |
Hyponephele lupinus |
|
Net. Versus H. lycaon |
|
|
Hyponephele lycaon |
|
Net. Versus H. lupinus |
|
|
Kirinia climene |
|
Net. ♂ versus ♂ M. jurtina. ♀ versus ♀ K. roxelana |
|
|
Kirinia roxelana |
|
Net. Versus K. climene |
|
|
Lasiommata maera |
|
Net. Versus L. petropolitana |
|
|
Lasiommata megera |
OK |
|
|
|
Lasiommata petropolitana |
|
Net. Versus L. maera |
|
|
Maniola jurtina |
|
♂ net. Versus ♂ K. climene |
|
|
Melanargia galathea |
|
Net. Versus other Melanargia |
|
|
Melanargia larissa |
|
Net. Versus other Melanargia |
|
|
Melanargia russiae |
|
Net. Versus other Melanargia |
|
|
Minois dryas |
|
Net. Versus S. ferula |
|
|
Pararge aegeria |
OK |
|
|
|
Proterebia phegea |
|
Net. Versus E. medusa |
|
|
Pseudochazara amalthea |
OK  |
|
|
|
Pseudochazara amymone |
|
Net. Versus P. tisiphone |
|
|
Pseudochazara geyeri |
OK  |
|
|
|
Pseudochazara tisiphone |
|
Net. Versus P. amymone |
|
|
Pyronia cecilia |
|
Net. Versus P. tithonus |
|
|
Pyronia tithonus |
|
Net. Versus P. cecilia |
|
|
Satyrus ferula |
|
Net. Versus M. dryas |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|